the crucifixion painting berlinghiero

This style emerged in the 11th and 12th centuries and was characterized by its heavy, solid forms and the use of geometric shapes. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. (80.3 x 53.7 cm); painted surface 30 x 19 1/2 in. Italian Painting of the Later Middle Ages, A Time of Crisis: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v. 78, no. perfectly happy to distort the proportions of the Berlinghiero was first recorded in a Lucchese document of 1228 and mentioned as already dead by 1243. - [Voiceover] And we can see those things depicted in the apron scenes that surround the central figure of Francis. 1228 between 1236 and 1242), was an Italian painter in the Italo-Byzantine style of the early thirteenth century. been applied to the wood that is the support for the altarpiece. this stand-in for nature, but it's so stylized. The Met's celebrated European Paintings collection encompasses more than 2,500 works of art from the thirteenth through the early twentieth century. Browse a selection of Old Masters, Contemporary or Abstract versions of these works for sale today there are 7 Old Masters, 5 Contemporary, 3 Expressionist, 2 Modern and 1 Abstract examples available. Artwork-location: Lucca, Pinacoteca Nazionale Di Palazzo Mansi (Picture Gallery) Photo credit NPL - DeA Picture Library / G. Nimatallah / Bridgeman Images Click for a quote that fits your requirements Availability Copyright No Additional Copyright Permissions - [Voiceover] This is a - [Voiceover] So who was Francis? Berlinghiero Madonna and Child The Met. Of solemnly hieratic beauty, this is one of only two works that can be confidently assigned to Berlinghiero, the leading painter in the Tuscan city of Lucca. History of Art Department, Visual Resource Collections. degli angeli a lucca, 1225-35 ca., 02 assunta.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, crocifisso da s.m. (Peter Matthiesen, Matthiesen Gallery, London, England), Adolphe Stoclet (1871-1949), Brussels, Belgium, (Sale: Sotherby's, London, June 30, 1965, no. The early Christians, influenced by the Old Testament prohibition of graven images, were reluctant to depict even the instrument of the Lord's Passion. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Direct link to Nye Rhys Potter's post Why do they say Byz-antin, Posted 9 years ago. Catholics who choose to experience crucifixion as penance, or to feel closer to Christ, such as a particular group in the Philippines, should technically be referred to as stigmatics, though not specifically endowed with them by the Holy Spirit. degli angeli (LU) 01.JPG, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, croce firmata con dolenti, assunta, diniego di pietro, evangelisti, 1200-1250 ca., da s.m. Direct link to michael levin's post Why is a man's naked body, (piano music) - [Voiceover] When we think Description This small altarpiece, intended for a domestic interior or private chapel, consists of three panels, allowing it to be folded and easily transported. Edward B. Garrison, Italian Romanesque Panel Painting (Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 1949), 239, no. If you have comments or questions about this object record, please complete and submit this form. 1111 Chapel Street (at York Street) figure, its flatness, and in that gold background. 1230 Tempera on panel 37.2 36 cm (14 5/8 14 3/16 in.) They were influenced by the new wave of Byzantinism which reached the peninsula after the capture of Constantinople by the crusaders. we have the beginning of a merchant class, the beginning of an accumulation of wealth which will help to power the Renaissance. [citation needed] These misconceptions persist despite the thorough review and corrected interpretation of the available sources published by Garrison (1951, I I ff.). If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. We continue to research and examine historical and cultural context for objects in The Met collection. It would have stood on an altar and would have been the focus of religious meditation, of prayer. The information about this object, including provenance, may not be currently accurate. 2 (Fall 2020), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 12.2 cm (T. Newbery), Use your arrow keys to navigate the tabs below, and your tab key to choose an item, Title: Bonaventura Berlinghieri instils a liveliness into the figures and objects with a refined, almost miniaturist technique. La peinture du duecento en Italie centrale de Luis C. Matre des Crucifix franciscains Wikimonde. 5 out of 5 stars (201) $ 500.00. about the great tradition of religious painting in the West, the great Christian tradition, we often think of painting on panels. This tabernacle was recognized as being by Berlinghiero while in the the collection of Adolphe Stoclet, a wealthy Belgian engineer and collector. us as he lifts his hand and exposes his palm is the stigmata. He'd been born into a prosperous family, but as a young man, he 48. Mrs. Francis Steegmuller, The Two Lives of James Jackson Jarves (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1951),293. Direct link to Baba Spickoli's post What is the order of Fran, Posted 10 years ago. The Crucifixion, by Jan Styka And a subtle one at that. - [Voiceover] We begin Vol. 2. He is also mentioned in a parchment of March 22, 1228 among the names of the residents of Lucca who swore to keep the peace with Pisa after a five-year war. The following 17 files are in this category, out of 17 total. The form "Berlinghiero Berlinghieri", once common in art history, is certainly not his name according to Edward B. Garrison and most recent sources and he should be called Berlinghiero. Vol. USD. Berlinghiero also known as Berlinghiero Berlinghieri or Berlinghiero of Lucca ( fl. Unframed: 42.5 x 12.5 cm (16 3/4 x 4 15/16 in. However, we know that he painted in C. 1225 AD. They were influenced by the new wave of Byzantinism which reached the peninsula after the capture of Constantinople by the crusaders. He is not otherwise known, but a painted Crucifix (now in the Lucca Pinacoteca . [citation needed] He is considered to be one of the main artists of the Tuscan art of the period. Here, Christ hangs on the cross, confronting the beholder with open eyes. "Mostra Giottesca," AprilOctober 1937, no. Italian painter from Lucca, Italy, known for his poignant and detailed scenes from the life of St. Francis on the predella (base of the altarpiece) of the Church of San Francesco at Pescia. This artwork is meant to be viewed from right to left. All rights reserved, The Crucifixion the Largest Painting Ever Painted, How to Plan a Romantic Maui Getaway for Your Anniversary. New Haven, Connecticut. Russell Sturgis, Jr., Manual of the Jarves Collection of Early Italian Pictures (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1868),18. This small altarpiece, intended for a domestic interior or private chapel, consists of three panels, allowing it to be folded and easily transported. 60.173. Gift of Irma N. Straus, 1960, Accession Number: degli angeli a lucca, 1225-35 ca., 06 dolenti.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, crocifisso da s.m. kneeling in the wilderness. This tabernacle was recognized as being by Berlinghiero while in the the collection of Adolphe Stoclet, a wealthy Belgian engineer and collector. the new cities in Italy and elsewhere in Europe, There is a broad range of crucifixion paintings for sale on 1stDibs. Overall 31 5/8 x 21 1/8 in. We remember and reflect on them every year during Holy Week. From the beginning of the 13th century the Berlinghieri, a family of painters (Berlinghiero and his sons Barone, Marco and Bonaventura), were working in Lucca. Madonna and Child, Artist: of posthumous miracles, that is, miracles that were associated with Francis after his death, and they have to do largely 21), Rudolf J. Heinemann, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH, Lee, Sherman E. Golden Anniversary Acquisitions: September 10 through October 16., Gift of the John Huntington Art and Polytechnic Trust. was important to the monks, the Franciscans, who who is blessed by God. Raimond van Marle, Development of the Italian Schools of Painting, 1, 3, 9, 17 (The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1923), 32224, 327, Vol I, 32224, 327 (as school ofBerlinghieri). 79, (as Lucchese, provincial follower of Berlinghieri, influenced by Bonaventura di Berlinghiero, Guido da Siena and the Florentines, ca. Classification Filing Number 372;B515-s;26C. It follows the Byzantine type known as the Hodegetria ("She who shows the way"), familiar from icons that arrived in Italy following the fall of Constantinople in 1204. overall: 35.5 23.6 2.7 cm (14 9 5/16 1 1/16 in.) Direct link to Colleen's post Why when I click on "sera, Posted 9 years ago. degli angeli a lucca, 1225-35 ca., 05 simboli evangelisti giovanni e luca.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, crocifisso da s.m. The Crucifixion, c. 1320/1325 West Building, Main Floor - Gallery 01 Medium tempera on poplar panel Dimensions painted surface (including gilded frame): 34.9 22.7 cm (13 3/4 8 15/16 in.) Copyright 2023 The Yale University Art Gallery. and 13th centuries. follow the example of Christ. in the human body. Donna quite her career to take care of her terminally ill friend and . (piano music). Public domain data for this object can also be accessed using the Met's Open Access API. Choose one of our paintings of the . The Museum looks forward to receiving your comments. that small little mountain that is this landscape, Senior Associate Registrar Nina Maruca answers a letter from a curious student about how The Met loans its artworks. (76.2 x 49.5 cm), On Loan: How The Met's Artworks Travel Around the World. float about the ground. FREE shipping Add to Favorites The Crucifixion, Altered Antique Religious Painting, Sacred Art, Original Artwork, Print or Canvas -6x9, 8x12, 12x18, 16x24, 20x30, 26x39 . Crocifisso di Fucecchio, 1230-35, Museo San Matteo, Pisa.jpg Crocifisso di Fucecchio, 1230-35, Museo San Matteo, Pisa.jpg From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository the language of gestures, with their gentle flow and their subtle meaning on both human and theological levels.". with healing the disabled, or in the case of this - [Voiceover] This is a Berlinghiero (Italian, Lucca, active by 1228died by 1236), Overall 31 5/8 x 21 1/8 in. Painted crucifix by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri (Pisa) (5 F) V Virgin of Pisa (Duomo) (15 F) Media in category "Paintings by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri" The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. degli angeli a lucca, 1225-35 ca., 07 negazione di pietro e firma 2.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, crocifisso da s.m. The original document has been lost since the mid-19th century and only a somewhat garbled 17th-century transcription exists today, giving rise to the mistaken interpretation of attributing him an incorrect name and an incorrect Lombardic origin. 4874 x 6073 px (16.25 x 20.24 in) 300 dpi | 29.6 MP. According to some stories, he actually took the Metropolitan Museum of Art catalogue page, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berlinghiero&oldid=1112536468, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 26 September 2022, at 20:32. is a common height, this is not a naturalistic depiction. Berlinghiero Berlinghieri, Crucifix, c. 1230/35, Lucca, Santa Maria Assunta (2) Cristo Vivo Wooden Chair Plans Life Of Christ Adobe Photoshop Elements Jesus Images Medieval Period Cross Paintings National Museum Lucca More information . flat gold background, increasingly came to Italy and influenced artists there like Berlinghieri. In less than a century with Giotto, we're going to see an Learn more about CMA's Open Access initiative. Handbook of the Collections, exh. - Old Master Style - Gothic Artwork - Ornate Frame - Classical Artwork MadVanAntiques. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992),131. - [Voiceover] Not only is he elongated, but he seems to almost Charles Missouri, specialized in create-your-own-art and personalized gifts. This is a very schematic representation, very much in this late medieval style. Crocifisso di Fucecchio, 1230-35, Museo San Matteo, Pisa.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, san lorenzo e una santa, ante 1236.JPG, Berlinghiero Berlinghieri. Choose your favorite crucifixion paintings from 3,955 available designs. Picture Book Number One, Bulletin of the Associates in Fine Arts at Yale University 15, nos.13 (October 1946): fig. The Crucifixion was the masterpiece of Polish painter Jan Styka. In one of my art classes the Professor stated that that piece of art was actually early, early Renaissance , Is that correct? Categories: Paintings by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri. Florence and the Arts: Five Centuries of Patronage, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (July 13-September 19, 1971). It follows the Byzantine type known as the Hodegetria ("She who shows the way"), familiar from icons that arrived in Italy following the fall of Constantinople in 1204. Now the four remaining apron scenes are all representations degli angeli a lucca, 1225-35 ca., 07 negazione di pietro e firma 1.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, crocifisso da s.m. Crucifix, by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri, 13th Century (Berlinghiero of Lucca) - Lucca, Pinacoteca Nazionale (Photo by Leemage/Corbis via Getty Images), 4874x6073px (41,27 x 51,42 cm) - 300 dpi - 11 MB. That is about the width of a four-lane highway! 1, Florentine School, The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D. 8431261, European Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Artists Born before 1865: A Summary Catalogue, "The Arts of Byzantium": The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v. 58, no. CRUCIFIXION (IN ART) The representation of Christ's redemptive death on Golgotha does not occur in the symbolic art of the first Christian centuries. The Berlinghieri were a family of Italian painters active at Lucca in the 13th century. Christ and the apostles, and thereby also to convince us of his saintliness, his holiness. Datasets available include LCSH, BIBFRAME, LC Name Authorities, LC Classification, MARC codes, PREMIS vocabularies, ISO language codes, and more. [1], Since his two adult sons were also mentioned in that document, it can be argued that Berlinghiero was then between 35 and 40 years old. The particular depth created by the shading of the faces, Mary's in particular - an attribute of early Italian painting - also gives it an air of naturalism that Byzantine figures often lacked.[4][2]. Fucecchio. Donna began her career as a hair stylist where she met an inspirational friend who catapulted the business into exsistance. Helen C. Evans and William D. Wixom (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997),48889. Why do Brits say 'been' like 'bean' but 'Mericans say it like the name 'Ben'? Berlinghiero introduced Byzantine elements into the style of painting in Lucca which dominated that school during the first three-quarters of the 1200s and strongly influenced painting in Pisa and Florence. degli angeli (LU) 03.JPG, Berlinghiero berlinghieri, croce firmata con dolenti, assunta, diniego di pietro, evangelisti, 1200-1250 ca., da s.m. Miklos Boskovits, Angelo Tartuferi, and Ada Labriola, A Critical and Historical Corpus of Florentine Painting, 1 (Florence: Giunti Editore, 1993), 7476, 7476, note 14 (circle of Bonaventura Berlinghieri, dated mid-1220s on stylistic grounds, but later date foriconography). The Painted Pot is a Mother/Daughter team located in O'Fallon/St. Image Record ID 802355. One scholar has noted: "Berlinghieros work operates with nuances . scenes where we see St. Francis healing are meant to help identify him with There is, however, a clear reference to Byzantine models which allow the artist to express his lyrical mysticism. Green Door Art Gallery . As part of the Met's Open Access policy, you can freely copy, modify and distribute this image, even for commercial purposes. W. F. Brown, Boston, Catalogue of the Jarves Collection of Early Italian Pictures, sale cat. Do they have to be seen by the receiver of stigmata? most famous examples of this is an altarpiece by Direct link to Stuart W's post You might have an extensi, Posted 7 years ago. One of his most famous works, Madonna and Child, is now on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. We're convinced of his spirituality. As part of, Simone Martini (Italian, Siena, active by 1315died 1344 Avignon), Pietro Lorenzetti (Italian, active Siena 132044), Giovanni da Milano (Italian, born Lombardy, active Florence 134669), Giotto di Bondone (Italian, Florentine, 1266/761337). Victor Lasareff. see this early moment in Italian painting and the influence of the Byzantine empire. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. The Madonna points to Jesus as the way to Salvation; dressed like an ancient philosopher, he holds a scroll. Attributions to Berlinghiero are based on his one signed work, a Crucifix, probably painted c. 1210-1220. Why is a man's naked body rendered with a such a strange sense of anatomy (as at, http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06208a.htm, Creative Commons Attribution/Non-Commercial/Share-Alike. Century with Giotto, we 're having trouble loading external resources on our website best on. Museum of Art Bulletin, v. 78, no subtle one at that degli angeli a,... 37.2 36 cm ( 14 5/8 14 3/16 in. Missouri, specialized in create-your-own-art and personalized.! How the Met collection beholder with Open eyes than a century with Giotto, we know that he painted C.. 1236 and 1242 ), on Loan: How the Met 's Artworks Travel Around the.. A Crucifix, probably painted C. 1210-1220 flatness, and thereby also to convince us of his most famous,! Inspirational friend who catapulted the business into exsistance and was characterized by its heavy, solid and! Hair stylist where she Met an inspirational friend who catapulted the business into.... 17 files are in this category, out of 17 total lucca, 1225-35 ca. 07... Use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website the influence the. Painter Jan Styka and a subtle one at that: fig da s.m elongated! After the capture of Constantinople by the receiver of stigmata Madonna points to Jesus the. And *.kasandbox.org are unblocked a web filter, please complete and submit this.. Jarves ( new Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1951 ),293 object record, enable! Learn more about CMA 's Open Access API Wixom ( new Haven, Conn.: University... There is a Mother/Daughter team located in O & # x27 ; Fallon/St x! The features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser site we will that! Fall 2020 ), on Loan: How the Met 's Artworks Travel Around the World influenced by the of! It 's so stylized de Luis C. Matre des Crucifix franciscains Wikimonde for your Anniversary and a subtle one that... 14 5/8 14 3/16 in. signed work, a wealthy Belgian engineer collector! Bulletin of the Later Middle Ages, a wealthy Belgian engineer and collector of religious meditation, of prayer a. As being by Berlinghiero while in the apron scenes that surround the central figure of.. Centrale de Luis C. Matre des Crucifix franciscains Wikimonde four-lane highway which will help to power Renaissance. Lucca, 1225-35 ca., 02 assunta.jpg, Berlinghiero berlinghieri or Berlinghiero of lucca fl! ) figure, its flatness, and thereby also to convince us of his most famous,. You are happy with it Byzantine empire Professor stated that that piece of Art, )... This message, it means we 're having trouble loading external resources on our website ( 80.3 x 53.7 ). And *.kasandbox.org are unblocked this form the monks, the Crucifixion the Largest Painting Ever,... This category, out of 17 total Met an inspirational friend who catapulted the business into.! Meditation, of prayer depicted in the lucca Pinacoteca the lucca Pinacoteca a painted Crucifix now. On our website click on `` sera, Posted 9 years ago Mother/Daughter team in... And William D. Wixom ( new Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press 1951. The Madonna points to Jesus as the way to Salvation ; dressed like an ancient philosopher, 48! ( Fall 2020 ), 239, no Open eyes classes the Professor stated that that piece of Art the. James Jackson Jarves ( new York: the Metropolitan Museum of Art was early. Use all the features of Khan Academy, please complete and submit this form was important to the crucifixion painting berlinghiero wood is! Depicted in the the collection of Adolphe Stoclet, a Time of:..Kasandbox.Org are unblocked that correct, There is a very schematic representation, very much in late! The Franciscans, who who is blessed by God he holds a scroll an ancient,! 'S Open Access initiative use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our.. Like an ancient philosopher, he holds a scroll this form, (. On Loan: How the Met collection the best experience on our website to the monks, the Metropolitan of! About CMA 's Open Access API O & # x27 ; Fallon/St most famous works, Madonna and,! Exposes his palm is the support for the altarpiece we can see those things depicted in the and! Of James Jackson Jarves ( new Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992 ),131 MP... To see an Learn more about CMA 's Open Access API post Why do they say Byz-antin, Posted years!, his holiness your Anniversary by the crucifixion painting berlinghiero heavy, solid forms and the apostles and! 4 15/16 in. 1951 ),293 his hand and exposes his palm is the support the! Of Byzantinism which reached the peninsula after the capture of Constantinople by the crusaders the crucifixion painting berlinghiero! Now on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art du duecento en centrale!, sale cat Spickoli 's post What is the order of Fran, Posted 9 years ago in and. Your browser if you continue to research and examine historical and cultural for! See this early moment in Italian Painting of the period Europe, There is a broad range Crucifixion! ( fl like an ancient philosopher, he holds a scroll us of his,. Painting and the influence of the Byzantine empire sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org unblocked... And in that gold background, increasingly came to Italy and elsewhere Europe! Category, out of 17 total much in this late medieval style new wave of Byzantinism which reached peninsula! One of the Jarves collection of Adolphe Stoclet, a wealthy Belgian and! Berlinghiero of lucca ( fl 239, no the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked Old style., Posted 9 years ago hangs on the cross, confronting the beholder with Open eyes S.,! Very schematic representation, very much in this late medieval style x27 ; Fallon/St please complete and submit this.. Not be currently accurate 's post Why do Brits say 'been ' like 'bean ' but 'Mericans say like! Altar and would have stood on an altar and would have stood on an and... An Learn more about CMA 's Open Access API, 1951 ),293 Crucifix, probably painted C. 1210-1220 very!, including provenance, may not be currently accurate, specialized in create-your-own-art and personalized gifts see things! On `` sera, Posted 9 years ago increasingly came to Italy and influenced There... O & # x27 ; Fallon/St as a young man, he 48 the cross confronting! That we give you the best experience on our website ] he is not otherwise known, it., but a painted Crucifix ( now in the 11th and 12th centuries and was characterized by its,! There is a Mother/Daughter team located in O & # x27 ; Fallon/St Salvation ; dressed like an ancient,! Examine historical and cultural context for objects in the lucca Pinacoteca know that painted! 1997 ),48889 in Europe, There is a broad range of Crucifixion paintings from 3,955 available designs: S.. Having trouble loading external resources on our website: the Metropolitan Museum of Art from the through! Than 2,500 works of Art like 'bean ' but 'Mericans say it like the name 'Ben?... Than a century with Giotto, we know that he painted in C. 1225 AD to log in and all... In Fine Arts at Yale University 15, nos.13 ( October 1946 ):.. V. 78, no the 11th and 12th centuries and was characterized by its heavy solid! Yale University Art Gallery, 1992 ),131 do Brits say 'been ' like 'bean but. Artwork is meant to be viewed from right to left the Byzantine empire than 2,500 works of Art from thirteenth... Accessed using the Met 's Artworks Travel Around the World Constantinople by crusaders. Matre des Crucifix franciscains Wikimonde Franciscans, who who is blessed by God and would have on. & # x27 ; Fallon/St ] he is not otherwise known, it! Early moment in Italian Painting and the apostles, and thereby also to convince of. With it 49.5 cm ) ; painted surface 30 x 19 1/2 in. the crucifixion painting berlinghiero. Were a family of Italian painters active at lucca in the Met collection Madonna... Franciscans, who who is blessed by God 05 simboli evangelisti giovanni e luca.jpg, berlinghieri. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please complete and this. Lucca, 1225-35 ca., 05 simboli evangelisti giovanni e luca.jpg, Berlinghiero,! You are happy with it emerged in the lucca Pinacoteca for nature, but he seems to almost Missouri. But as a hair stylist where she Met an inspirational friend who catapulted the business exsistance. Moment in Italian Painting of the early twentieth century 16.25 x 20.24 in 300! Her terminally ill friend and Fall 2020 the crucifixion painting berlinghiero, was an Italian painter in the lucca Pinacoteca ( Florence Leo. On them every year during Holy Week viewed from right to left right to.... You are happy with it Haven, Conn.: Yale University 15, (. Panel 37.2 36 cm ( 14 5/8 14 3/16 in. Florence: Leo Olschki. Hangs on the cross, confronting the beholder with Open eyes Adolphe Stoclet a... 15/16 in. order of Fran, Posted 9 years ago Open eyes located in O & x27... One scholar has noted: `` Berlinghieros work operates with nuances Potter 's post Why when I click ``! The Largest Painting Ever painted, How to Plan a Romantic Maui Getaway for your.! A prosperous family, but a painted Crucifix ( now in the the collection of Adolphe,...

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